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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Convergent Polishing: A Simple, Rapid, Full Aperture Polishing Process of High Quality Optical Flats & Spheres
Published on: December 1, 2014
Growth problems of sapphire and ruby of optical quality
1Willow Run Laboratories, the Institute of Science and Technology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48107, USA.
Abstract:
A careful analysis of the basic mechanisms of the Verneuil process led to a methodical study of the many parameters associated with it. Among these, the feed rate, retraction rate, and flame characteristics were found to be most important. A photoelectric cell as the sensor for a servo system with two outputs was used to sense the plane of crystallization and control its position. A completely automated Verneuil apparatus, incorporating this and other control systems, suitable for the study of growth under well-defined, rigidly controlled, and dependably reproducible conditions was designed and constructed.
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