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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources01:13

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy01:29

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which are...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...

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Method for Recording Broadband High Resolution Emission Spectra of Laboratory Lightning Arcs
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Published on: August 27, 2019

Spectral radiance of a low current graphite arc.

A T Hattenburg1

  • 1National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC 20234, USA.

Applied Optics
|January 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study measured the spectral radiance of a graphite arc anode using a new spectroradiometer. The measurements achieved high accuracy, with uncertainties as low as 1.5% across the 850-210 nm spectrum.

Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Radiometry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Accurate spectral radiance data is crucial for various applications, including lighting and remote sensing.
  • Graphite arcs are utilized as light sources, but their spectral characteristics require precise quantification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the spectral radiance of a low current graphite arc anode.
  • To provide high-accuracy spectral data across a broad wavelength range (850-210 nm).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a recently developed high-accuracy spectroradiometer.
  • Measured spectral radiance at twenty discrete wavelength points and as a continuous function.
  • Excluded regions with significant molecular band radiation from the arc stream.

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Main Results:

  • Spectral radiance data was obtained for the graphite arc anode from 850 nm to 210 nm.
  • Estimated standard deviation uncertainty ranged from approximately 1.5% at longer wavelengths to 5% at shorter wavelengths.
  • Continuous spectral radiance data is provided, with exceptions for specific molecular band regions.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully quantified the spectral radiance of a graphite arc anode with high accuracy.
  • The generated data serves as a valuable reference for applications requiring precise spectral information in the ultraviolet to near-infrared range.