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IR Spectrometers

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.

IR Spectrum

IR Spectrum

When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0% (complete...

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then passed on to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

Published on: September 22, 2017

Synchronized high speed scanning infrared spectrometer.

J C Camm¹, R L Taylor, R Lynch

¹Aveo Everett Laboratory, Everett,Massachusetts, USA.

|January 9, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new infrared spectrometer rapidly scans wavelengths for high-temperature gas analysis. This instrument measures neutral Bremsstrahlung radiation, crucial for understanding high-energy plasma physics.

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In Situ SIMS and IR Spectroscopy of Well-defined Surfaces Prepared by Soft Landing of Mass-selected Ions

In Situ SIMS and IR Spectroscopy of Well-defined Surfaces Prepared by Soft Landing of Mass-selected Ions

Published on: June 16, 2014

Area of Science:

Spectroscopy and Spectrometry
Plasma Physics
Atomic and Molecular Physics

Background:

High-temperature gases emit radiation that requires precise measurement for analysis.
Understanding continuum radiation sources, like neutral Bremsstrahlung, is key in high-energy environments.
Existing spectroscopic methods may lack the speed and resolution for transient phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe a novel, high-speed scanning infrared spectrometer.
To demonstrate its application in measuring absolute spectral radiation intensity of gases at high temperatures.
To determine the cross-section for neutral Bremsstrahlung radiation.

Main Methods:

An Ebert spectrometer was modified with an indium antimonide detector and a magnetically driven scanning mirror.
A wavelength calibration signal generator was integrated for accurate spectral referencing.
The spectrometer was synchronized with a shock tube to analyze gases (air, nitrogen, neon, argon) heated to 6000–10,000 K.

Main Results:

The spectrometer successfully scanned a 0.6 µm wavelength band in 30 µs, operating between 2–6 µm.
Absolute spectral radiation intensities of heated gases were obtained.
Continuum radiation was successfully separated from line and band contributions, enabling neutral Bremsstrahlung cross-section determination.

Conclusions:

The developed scanning infrared spectrometer is effective for rapid spectral analysis of high-temperature gases.
The instrument facilitates the study of neutral Bremsstrahlung, a significant radiation mechanism in plasmas.
This technology advances the understanding of radiative properties in extreme temperature environments.