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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion01:18

Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion

Percussion is a fundamental technique used to assess the liver, spleen, and abdominal organs by tapping the abdomen and interpreting the resulting sounds. This method helps identify fluid, distention, and masses through variations in sound, such as the high-pitched tympany of air-filled areas and the dullness of solid masses. Understanding how to percuss these organs provides valuable information for healthcare professionals in diagnosing conditions early.
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Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Methods for In Vivo Biomechanical Testing on Brachial Plexus in Neonatal Piglets
06:51

Methods for In Vivo Biomechanical Testing on Brachial Plexus in Neonatal Piglets

Published on: December 19, 2019

Pediatric thoracoabdominal biomechanics.

Richard Kent1, Robert Salzar, Jason Kerrigan

  • 1University of Virginia Center for Applied Biomechanics, USA. rkent@virginia.edu

Stapp Car Crash Journal
|January 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study found that existing methods for scaling adult chest data to children are inaccurate. Pediatric chests are stiffer than predicted, similar to elderly adults, highlighting the need for new pediatric biomechanical data.

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Methods for In Vivo Biomechanical Testing on Brachial Plexus in Neonatal Piglets
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Published on: December 19, 2019

Investigating Stress-relaxation and Failure Responses in the Trachea
08:07

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Published on: October 18, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Biomechanics
  • Pediatric Trauma Research

Background:

  • Limited experimental data exist on pediatric chest response to dynamic loading.
  • Existing research on juvenile abdominal response used a porcine model.
  • Adult thoracic response data is often scaled for pediatric applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Quantify the force-deformation behavior of a pediatric chest under dynamic loading.
  • Evaluate the validity of a porcine abdominal model for pediatric studies.
  • Assess the accuracy of scaling adult thoracic data for pediatric subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments conducted on a 7-year-old pediatric post-mortem human subject (PMHS).
  • Comparison of pediatric abdominal response to existing porcine data.
  • Evaluation of four different scaling techniques for adult thoracic data.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric PMHS abdominal response showed similarities to swine, with some differences in stiffness.
  • Scaling adult thoracic data did not accurately predict pediatric chest behavior.
  • Pediatric chests were found to be as stiff or stiffer than published adult corridors.
  • Chest stiffness increases until the fourth decade and then decreases, similar to children and elderly adults.

Conclusions:

  • Current adult data scaling methods are inadequate for pediatric applications.
  • Pediatric chest biomechanics differ from predictions based on scaled adult data.
  • Further research is required to develop accurate pediatric biomechanical models and understand age-related chest stiffness changes.