Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
Published on: August 18, 2017
Partial ion yield spectroscopy around the Cl 2p and C 1s ionization thresholds in CF3Cl
D Céolin1, M N Piancastelli, W C Stolte
1Department of Physics and Materials Science, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 530, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden. denis.ceolin@sljus.lu.se
Abstract:
We present a partial ion yield experiment on freon 13, CF(3)Cl, excited in the vicinity of the C 1s and Cl 2p ionization thresholds. We have collected a large amount of cationic fragments and a few anionic fragments at both edges. We have observed a strong intensity dependence of Rydberg transitions with ion fragment size for the CF(n)Cl(+) and CF(n)(+)/F(+) (n=0-3) series at both the Cl 2p and C 1s ionization edges. Selectivity in the fragmentation processes involving the C-Cl and C-F bonds are highlighted by the intensities of the C 1s to lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and LUMO+1 transitions measured on the CF(n)Cl(+) and CF(n)(+) yields. Equally, by comparison with their cation counterpart, we discuss possible bond-length dependence for the anion formation at the carbon 1s edge.
Related Concept Videos
Mass Spectrometry: Alkyl Halide Fragmentation
Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II
IR Spectrum Peak Intensity: Dipole Moment
Electron Affinity
Alkyl Halides
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...

