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Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris
Published on: July 28, 2018
Marine pollution from antifouling paint particles.
1School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK. aturner@plymouth.ac.uk
Marine Pollution Bulletin
|January 12, 2010
Summary
Antifouling paint particles (APP) from boat maintenance release significant metals like copper and zinc into marine environments. These particles pose risks to benthic invertebrates and the food chain, necessitating better waste management practices.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Marine Biology
- Ecotoxicology
Background:
- Antifouling paint particles (APP) are generated from boat maintenance and shed from marine structures.
- Limited research exists on the distribution, composition, and effects of APP in the broader marine environment.
- Recreational boatyards are a significant source of APP, particularly concerning biocidal and non-biocidal metals like copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current state of knowledge regarding antifouling paint particles (APP).
- To investigate the biogeochemical pathways of metals (Cu, Zn) from APP in marine systems.
- To assess the environmental impact of APP on marine ecosystems and food chains.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on APP distribution, composition, and effects.
- Analysis of paint fragment composites from UK recreational facilities.
- Assessment of metal leaching rates from APP compared to painted surfaces.
- Evaluation of environmental factors affecting suspended and settled APP.
Main Results:
- APP contain high concentrations of Cu (up to 35%) and Zn (up to 15%) by dry weight.
- Elevated levels of other trace metals (Ba, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sn) are found in APP compared to ambient sediment.
- Metals leach more rapidly from APP due to increased surface area.
- Settled APP act as a persistent source of biocides in poorly circulated marine environments.
- Benthic invertebrates can accumulate contaminants from APP, potentially entering the food chain.
Conclusions:
- Understanding biocide behavior on painted surfaces is insufficient for managing APP risks.
- APP pose a significant risk to marine invertebrates and food chains through metal leaching and bioaccumulation.
- Stricter regulations and improved waste disposal practices are recommended for boatyards and recreational boaters to mitigate APP pollution.
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