Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Downstream Processing

Downstream Processing

Downstream processing begins once fermentation is complete and involves a series of steps to recover and purify products such as acids, vitamins, antibiotics, or proteins.Cell HarvestingFor example, for intracellular protein-based products, the first step is harvesting the cells. This is typically achieved using centrifugation or filtration to separate the cells from the liquid phase.Cell Disruption for Intracellular ProductsIf the target product is intracellular, the harvested cells must be...

Biological Treatment of Effluent and Waste Water

Biological Treatment of Effluent and Waste Water

Biological wastewater treatment relies on the metabolic activity of microorganisms to remove pollutants from sewage. In modern treatment systems, this process is organized into sequential stages that progressively reduce solid material, dissolved organic matter, and microbial contamination. Each stage plays a distinct role in improving water quality and preparing the effluent for safe discharge or reuse.Primary and Secondary TreatmentPrimary treatment is a physical process that removes large...

Subcellular Fractionation

Subcellular Fractionation

The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH)-Driven Sludge Pretreatment for Organic Carbon Valorization: Mechanistic Insights into Controlled Oxidative Disruption and Hormesis-Mediated Metabolic Reshaping.

Environmental science & technology·2026

Same author

Sustainable Plant-Based Electrodes for Electrocatalytic Conversion of Small Molecules: From Biomass to Functional Electrodes.

Exploration (Beijing, China)·2026

Same author

Turning Motion into Methane: Electromagnetic Induction in Microbial Aggregates Enhances Wastewater Resource Recovery.

Environmental science & technology·2026

Same author

Integrating comammox into anammox-dominated one-stage mainstream partial nitrification/anammox: nitrifier niche regulation and nitrite partitioning.

Water research·2026

Same author

Machine learning-integrated multi-objective application and optimization framework for sulfur-based reactive filler towards nutrient removal.

Water research·2026

Same author

Machine learning-driven prediction and control system for practical application of sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification biofilters.

Water research·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

Published on: December 25, 2015

Fractionating soluble microbial products in the activated sludge process.

Bing-Jie Ni¹, Raymond J Zeng, Fang Fang

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.

|January 12, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Soluble microbial products (SMP) in activated sludge were characterized and fractionized. This research differentiates utilization-associated products (UAP) from biomass-associated products (BAP), aiding effluent treatment strategies.

More Related Videos

Continuous Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids from Fermentation Broth Using Hollow-Fiber Membranes

Continuous Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids from Fermentation Broth Using Hollow-Fiber Membranes

Published on: August 9, 2024

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Published on: July 18, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

Published on: December 25, 2015

Continuous Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids from Fermentation Broth Using Hollow-Fiber Membranes

Continuous Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids from Fermentation Broth Using Hollow-Fiber Membranes

Published on: August 9, 2024

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste

Published on: July 18, 2025

Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Microbiology
Biochemistry

Background:

Soluble microbial products (SMP) are key organic compounds in biological treatment effluents.
Understanding SMP composition is crucial for optimizing wastewater treatment processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize, fractionize, and quantify SMP in activated sludge.
To differentiate between utilization-associated products (UAP) and biomass-associated products (BAP).
To classify BAP into growth-associated (GBAP) and endogeny-associated (EBAP) fractions.

Main Methods:

Integrated chemical analysis.
Mathematical modeling.
Fractionization based on molecular weight (MW).

Main Results:

UAP (MW < 290 kDa) are carbonaceous and utilized by activated sludge.
BAP (MW 290-5000 kDa) accumulate in the system.
GBAP (MW 1000 kDa) and EBAP (MW 4500 kDa) show distinct formation and biodegradation kinetics.

Conclusions:

This study provides a novel classification of SMP components.
Differentiated understanding of UAP and BAP aids in predicting their fate in activated sludge systems.
Findings enhance knowledge of SMP formation mechanisms for improved effluent treatment.