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Antigen Presenting Cells

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...

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MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

Basophils as antigen presenting cells.

Mohan S Maddur¹, Srini V Kaveri, Jagadeesh Bayry

¹INSERM, U872, Paris, France.

Trends in Immunology

|January 12, 2010

Summary

Basophils function as antigen-presenting cells, driving allergic Th2 and IgE responses. This discovery reveals new therapeutic targets for asthma and allergies.

Area of Science:

Immunology
Allergy Research

Background:

Basophils were traditionally known for their role in allergic reactions and parasite defense.
Their precise mechanisms in initiating adaptive immune responses were not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the role of basophils as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in initiating T helper 2 (Th2) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses.
To identify the molecular interactions and mediators involved in basophil-driven adaptive immunity.

Main Methods:

Investigated basophil antigen presentation capabilities.
Analyzed interactions between basophils and CD4(+) T cells.
Assessed the role of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and co-stimulatory molecules.
Measured cytokine secretion, including Interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP).

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Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity

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Development and Identification of a Novel Subpopulation of Human Neutrophil-derived Giant Phagocytes In Vitro

Development and Identification of a Novel Subpopulation of Human Neutrophil-derived Giant Phagocytes In Vitro

Published on: January 25, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity

Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity

Published on: September 16, 2011

Development and Identification of a Novel Subpopulation of Human Neutrophil-derived Giant Phagocytes In Vitro

Development and Identification of a Novel Subpopulation of Human Neutrophil-derived Giant Phagocytes In Vitro

Published on: January 25, 2017

Main Results:

Demonstrated that basophils present antigens via MHC class II to CD4(+) T cells.
Confirmed that these interactions are co-stimulatory.
Showed basophil secretion of IL-4, IL-13, and TSLP drives antigen-specific Th2 responses.
Established basophils as key initiators of Th2 and IgE responses against allergens and parasites.

Conclusions:

Basophils possess significant antigen-presenting cell functions, previously unrecognized.
These functions are critical for initiating Th2 and IgE responses.
Understanding these basophil roles offers new avenues for therapeutic strategies targeting asthma and allergic diseases.