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Techniques of Endoscopic Ossiculoplasty

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Published on: January 26, 2024

Antibiotic prophylaxis in otolaryngologic surgery.

Sergio Obeso¹, Juan P Rodrigo, Rafael Sánchez

¹Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Oviedo, Asturias, España. sergioobeso@yahoo.es

Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola

|January 12, 2010

Summary

Perioperative antibiotics reduce infections in upper respiratory tract surgery, but optimal protocols and guidelines for reconstructive procedures remain unclear. Evidence-based antibiotic use is needed across various ENT surgeries.

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Area of Science:

Otorhinolaryngology
Surgical Infections
Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Background:

Numerous trials since the 1980s demonstrate reduced infections with perioperative antibiotics in clean-contaminated upper respiratory tract surgery.
However, consensus on optimal antibiotic protocols and guidelines for reconstructive flap procedures is lacking.
Antibiotic use in specific ENT procedures like tonsillectomy and cochlear implants often relies on preference over evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

To review clinical trials on antibiotic use in various otorhinolaryngological (ENT) procedures.
To assess antibiotic choice, treatment duration, and administration routes based on available evidence.
To identify gaps in clinical trial data for specific ENT surgeries.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of clinical trials concerning antibiotic use in otorhinolaryngological surgery.
Analysis focused on different surgical procedures, antibiotic selection, treatment length, and administration methods.
Identification of procedures lacking dedicated clinical trials.

Main Results:

Evidence supports antibiotic use in reducing infections for clean-contaminated upper respiratory tract surgery.
No established consensus exists for the best antibiotic protocols or guidelines for reconstructive surgery.
Clinical trials are absent for laryngo-pharyngeal laser surgery and cochlear implant surgery, though prophylaxis is recommended.
Antibiotic selection in many ENT procedures is based on institutional or personal preference.

Conclusions:

While perioperative antibiotics are effective in reducing surgical site infections in the upper airway, evidence-based guidelines are needed.
Further research and clinical trials are essential to establish optimal antibiotic strategies for diverse ENT procedures, including laser and cochlear implant surgeries.
Standardized, evidence-based antibiotic protocols are crucial to replace current preference-based practices in otorhinolaryngology.