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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...

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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
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Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

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Spiking emission from many-element lasers.

R Pratesi1

  • 1Istituto di Fisica Superiore, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy.

Applied Optics
|January 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Many-element lasers (MEL) exhibit regular relaxation oscillations under specific conditions. This regular spiking behavior in MELs is linked to single-mode operation, particularly in Fabry-Perot configurations.

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy
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Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Laser Physics
  • Semiconductor Devices

Background:

  • Many-element lasers (MELs) are complex systems with potential for advanced optical applications.
  • Understanding their temporal dynamics is crucial for optimizing performance.
  • Previous studies have explored MEL behavior, but detailed correlation with operational modes is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the time-resolved behavior of light emission from many-element lasers (MELs).
  • To correlate regular relaxation oscillations with spectral output and spatial patterns.
  • To determine the conditions favoring stable, single-mode operation in MELs.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental analysis of light emission time behavior in MELs.
  • Utilized both Fabry-Perot and confocal laser geometries.
  • Performed time-resolved spectral analysis, near-field, and far-field pattern measurements.

Main Results:

  • Achieved highly regular relaxation oscillations in MELs across various working conditions.
  • Demonstrated a correlation between regular spiking and the number of active modes.
  • Observed that regular spiking in MELs is characteristic of single-mode operation.

Conclusions:

  • Regular relaxation oscillations are readily achievable in many-element lasers.
  • Single-mode operation is key to achieving stable, regular spiking in MELs.
  • The findings provide insights into controlling temporal dynamics for improved laser performance.