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Related Concept Videos

Testosterone: Functions and Regulation01:26

Testosterone: Functions and Regulation

The intricate hormonal interplay essential for male reproductive health begins with the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. This hormone prompts the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). LH targets the Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating them to produce and release testosterone. In concert with testosterone, FSH acts on the Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules to facilitate the release of...
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation.
Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
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The Endocrine System

The endocrine system is an extensive network of glands – organs or tissues in the body that create chemicals that control many bodily functions, that secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that play essential roles in regulating various bodily functions. These hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. They require specific receptors to convey signals to cells possessing these corresponding receptors. This complex signaling mechanism ensures that every...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

An Experimental Model of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rabbit: Methodological Considerations, Development, and Assessment
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An Experimental Model of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rabbit: Methodological Considerations, Development, and Assessment

Published on: April 20, 2018

[Testosterone and the metabolic syndrome].

M Schubert1, F Jockenhövel

  • 1Klinik II für Innere Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Köln.

Der Urologe. Ausg. A
|January 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Low testosterone levels are linked to metabolic issues like abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetes. Testosterone therapy shows promise for improving metabolic control in hypogonadal men, but more research is needed.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Cardiovascular Risk

Background:

  • Low testosterone levels are associated with abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Androgen ablation therapy negatively impacts insulin sensitivity and body fat mass.
  • Testosterone's effects on lipid metabolism vary, with supraphysiological doses potentially lowering HDL levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the significance of testosterone treatment in patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • To assess the impact of testosterone administration on metabolic control in hypogonadal men.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing investigations on patients undergoing androgen ablation therapy.
  • Analysis of studies examining testosterone's effects on insulin sensitivity, body fat mass, lipid metabolism, and glycemic control.

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Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle
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Published on: January 19, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

An Experimental Model of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rabbit: Methodological Considerations, Development, and Assessment
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An Experimental Model of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rabbit: Methodological Considerations, Development, and Assessment

Published on: April 20, 2018

Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle
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Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle

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  • Consideration of data from randomized prospective trials.

    • Main Results:

    • Physiological testosterone doses have minimal impact on lipid metabolism, while supraphysiological doses may reduce HDL levels.
    • Data on testosterone's effect on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes are inconsistent; some studies show positive effects.
    • Testosterone administration in hypogonadal men with metabolic syndrome appears promising for improving metabolic control.

    Conclusions:

    • The role of testosterone treatment in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes requires further investigation through larger, randomized trials.
    • Testosterone therapy is a potentially beneficial option for hypogonadal men with metabolic syndrome, aiming to enhance metabolic control.