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Recognition acuity, grating acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual fields in 6-year-old children

Deborah D Hargadon1, Jeffrey Wood, J Daniel Twelker

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Arizona, 655 N Alvernon Way, Ste 108, Tucson, AZ 85711, USA.

Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
|January 13, 2010
PubMed

Insights

This study measured visual acuity, grating acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual fields in 6-year-olds. Children showed lower thresholds than adults for most visual functions, except visual fields.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Optometry
  • Visual Neuroscience

Background:

  • Establishing normative visual function data in children is crucial for identifying potential developmental issues.
  • Previous studies have provided some data, but comprehensive assessments across multiple visual parameters in specific age groups are ongoing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure monocular distance visual acuity (VA), grating acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual field extent in healthy, full-term, 6-year-old children.
  • To compare these visual function parameters in children to adult norms.

Main Methods:

  • 59 healthy 6-year-olds underwent comprehensive eye examinations, including cycloplegic refraction, to exclude ocular abnormalities and refractive errors.
  • Monocular testing included recognition acuity (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study charts), grating acuity (Teller acuity cards), contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson charts), and visual field extent (white-sphere kinetic perimetry).

Main Results:

  • Mean values for the right eye were 0.040 logMAR for VA, 24.5 cycles per degree for grating acuity, and 1.63 log units for contrast sensitivity.
  • Mean visual field extent varied by meridian, with the inferonasal at 59.1°, superonasal at 57.8°, superotemporal at 71.2°, and inferotemporal at 100.4°.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides valuable normative monocular visual function data for 6-year-old children.
  • Children's thresholds were lower than adults for distance recognition VA, grating VA, and contrast sensitivity, but similar for visual field extent.
Abstract

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