Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
Electrophiles02:28

Electrophiles

This lesson explains the definition, classification, and characteristic features of an electrophile that are key features of nucleophilic substitution reactions. An analysis of their charge and orbital picture helps understand their reactivity for seeking electrons. Electrophiles can be classified into positive and neutral species. Other classes include free radicals and polar functional groups.
While a positive electrophile, like a proton, reacts due to its vacant, low-energy 1s orbital, the...
Phosphodiester Linkages01:01

Phosphodiester Linkages

Overview
Phosphodiester bond forms when a phosphoric acid molecule (H3PO4) links with two hydroxyl groups (–OH) of two other molecules, forming two ester bonds. Two water molecules are released in this process. The phosphodiester bond is commonly found in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and plays a critical role in their structure and function.
Phosphodiester Bonds Link Nucleotides Together
DNA and RNA are polynucleotides or long chains of nucleotides that are linked together. A nucleotide is...
Proton (¹H) NMR: Chemical Shift01:07

Proton (¹H) NMR: Chemical Shift

Organic molecules primarily contain carbon and hydrogen atoms. While all the hydrogen isotopes are NMR-active, protium or hydrogen-1 is the most abundant. It has a significant energy separation between its nuclear spin states due to its large gyromagnetic ratio. As per Boltzmann's distribution, an increase in the energy separation implies a greater excess population of nuclei available for excitation, resulting in a strong NMR absorption signal.
Absorption signals of all the protium nuclei in a...
Acid Halides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis01:01

Acid Halides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis of acid halides is a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction in which acid halides react with water to give carboxylic acids. The reaction occurs readily and does not require acid or a base catalyst.
As shown below, the mechanism involves a nucleophilic attack by water at the carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen π bond along with the departure of a halide ion. A final proton transfer step yields carboxylic acid...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Hemodynamic effects of synchronous and asynchronous independent lung ventilation with different levels of positive end-expiratory pressure and tidal volumes on unilateral lung injury in dogs].

Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases·2010
Same author

[Study on the cellular and humoral immunity effect of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell hepatitis B vaccine in adults].

Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]·2010
Same author

[Study on the immuno-effects and influencing factors of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell hepatitis B vaccine among adults, under different dosages].

Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi·2010
Same author

Assemblies of fluorine containing bent-shaped liquid crystal molecules studied by using scanning tunneling microscopy.

Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology·2010
Same author

Carbon nanotubes induce secondary structure changes of bovine albumin in aqueous phase.

Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology·2010
Same author

[Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of pertactin recombinants against Bordetella bronchiseptica challenge].

Wei sheng wu xue bao = Acta microbiologica Sinica·2010

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
05:51

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Published on: July 19, 2019

Proton transfer in functionalized phosphonic acid molecules.

Chen Wang1, Stephen J Paddison

  • 1Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|January 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Phosphonic acid ionomers show promise for fuel cells due to their amphotericity. Computational studies reveal fluorinated versions facilitate proton transfer more efficiently, crucial for low-humidity operation.

More Related Videos

Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of Phosphorus(I)
08:46

Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of Phosphorus(I)

Published on: November 22, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method
05:51

Isotopic Effect in Double Proton Transfer Process of Porphycene Investigated by Enhanced QM/MM Method

Published on: July 19, 2019

Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of Phosphorus(I)
08:46

Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of Phosphorus(I)

Published on: November 22, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Ionomers with protogenic groups, like phosphonic acid, are candidates for polymer electrolyte membranes in fuel cells.
  • Their amphotericity is advantageous for fuel cells operating with limited humidification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hydrogen bonding and proton transfer energetics in substituted phosphonic acids and their condensation products.
  • To evaluate the potential of these materials for low-humidity fuel cell applications.

Main Methods:

  • Ab initio electronic structure calculations using the B3LYP/6-311G** level of theory.
  • Determination of global minimum energy structures for various substituted phosphonic acids.
  • Analysis of potential energy profiles for proton transfer in anhydride + H(2)O systems.

Main Results:

  • Fluorinated phosphonic acids bind slightly stronger to water than non-fluorinated analogs.
  • The trifluoromethyl phosphonic acid system exhibits the lowest proton transfer endothermicity (5.3 kcal mol(-1)).
  • Proton transfer dynamics differ significantly for the trifluoromethyl system, leading to charge separation and hydronium ion formation.

Conclusions:

  • Substituted phosphonic acids, particularly fluorinated variants, show potential as polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells.
  • Computational insights into proton transfer energetics are vital for designing efficient fuel cell materials.
  • The observed proton transfer mechanisms influence the overall performance and stability of the membranes.