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Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
The Central Dogma01:20

The Central Dogma

The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Isolation of Next-Generation Gene Therapy Vectors through Engineering, Barcoding, and Screening of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Capsid Variants
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Isolation of Next-Generation Gene Therapy Vectors through Engineering, Barcoding, and Screening of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Capsid Variants

Published on: October 18, 2022

Genome-based approaches to vaccine development.

Marirosa Mora1, John L Telford

  • 1Novartis Vaccines, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy. john.telford@novartis.com

Journal of Molecular Medicine (Berlin, Germany)
|January 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Advances in bioinformatics and proteomics are revolutionizing vaccinology. Combining computational and experimental methods creates a focused list of antigens, reducing time and cost for new protein vaccines.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • The field of vaccinology is rapidly advancing due to the availability of numerous bacterial genome sequences.
  • Progress in bioinformatics and experimental proteomic tools are key drivers of this revolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel strategy for identifying potential vaccine antigens.
  • To reduce the time and cost associated with developing new protein vaccine formulations.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of stringent in silico (computational) criteria with experimental approaches.
  • Prioritization of potential antigens based on combined analytical methods.

Main Results:

  • A more targeted strategy for antigen identification has been developed.

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Isolation of Next-Generation Gene Therapy Vectors through Engineering, Barcoding, and Screening of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Capsid Variants
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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

  • The approach allows for the creation of a restricted and prioritized list of antigens.
  • Conclusions:

    • The combined computational and experimental strategy accelerates the identification of vaccine candidates.
    • This approach optimizes the development pipeline for novel protein vaccines.