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Behavior mapping: a method for linking preschool physical activity and outdoor design.

Nilda G Cosco¹, Robin C Moore, Mohammed Z Islam

¹College of Design, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. nilda_cosco@ncsu.edu

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

|January 14, 2010

Summary

Preschool outdoor environments significantly impact children's physical activity. Behavior mapping reveals how specific settings and features influence activity levels, informing policy for better play spaces.

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Area of Science:

Childhood Development
Environmental Psychology
Public Health

Background:

Preschools are key predictors of physical activity in young children.
Outdoor environments and preschool policies influence children's activity levels.
Current assessment methods linking environment and activity are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce behavior mapping as a method to assess physical activity and environment links.
Demonstrate behavior mapping's sensitivity for informing built environment design policy.
Understand how preschool outdoor environments affect children's physical activity.

Main Methods:

Behavior mapping was used for direct observation in two North Carolina preschool centers.
Data collected included outdoor environmental characteristics and children's physical activity.
The study focused on 3- to 5-year-old children.

Main Results:

Physical activity varied significantly across different outdoor settings (pathways, play structures, open areas).
Specific environmental attributes within similar settings influenced activity levels (e.g., pathway shape, ground surface).
Behavior mapping provided detailed data on environment-activity relationships.

Conclusions:

Behavior mapping is a promising tool for objectively measuring the relationship between physical settings and activity.
Findings can inform childcare policies to create more active outdoor play environments.
Detailed environmental data can guide built environment design for improved child physical activity.