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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...
Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences01:20

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and refractory oxide ion...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
09:38

Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies

Published on: December 18, 2015

Interference filters for the far infrared.

R Ulrich

    Applied Optics
    |January 14, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Perforated metal grids enable the creation of versatile far-infrared transmission filters. These optical filters, analogous to microwave waveguide filters, offer tunable characteristics for various applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Electromagnetism

    Background:

    • Perforated metal plates (grids) are utilized in constructing transmission filters for the far-infrared (FIR) spectrum.
    • These filters exhibit optical properties analogous to microwave waveguide filters.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the design and characteristics of FIR transmission filters using perforated metal grids.
    • To explore the potential applications of these filters in optical systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Designing and fabricating FIR transmission filters with low pass, high pass, bandpass, and bandstop characteristics.
    • Utilizing theoretical procedures similar to those for microwave waveguide filters.
    • Conducting measurements at oblique incidence.

    Main Results:

    • Filters with steep slopes and various transmission characteristics (low pass, high pass, bandpass, bandstop) were successfully created.
    • Theoretical design principles for microwave filters are applicable to these optical filters.
    • Performance is constrained by material losses and manufacturing tolerances.
    • Measurements at oblique incidence confirmed potential utility in light pipes.

    Conclusions:

    • Perforated metal grids provide a viable method for constructing versatile FIR transmission filters.
    • These filters show promise for applications in light pipes and short millimeter wave systems employing optical techniques.