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Cost-effectiveness of clopidogrel in STEMI patients in the Netherlands: a model based on the CLARITY trial
S J Thurston1, B Heeg, F de Charro
1Pharmerit Ltd, York, UK. sthurston@pharmerit.com
Insights
Combination therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin is cost-effective for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. This treatment offers more life years and quality-adjusted life years at a lower cost than aspirin alone.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Health Economics
- Clinical Research
Background:
- ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a critical cardiac event requiring effective and economical treatment strategies.
- Optimizing post-MI care involves evaluating the cost-effectiveness of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) versus single antiplatelet therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the cost-effectiveness of clopidogrel plus aspirin compared to aspirin alone for STEMI patients in the Netherlands.
- To determine the conditions under which continued combination therapy remains cost-effective.
Main Methods:
- A decision tree model integrated data on efficacy (CLARITY trial), epidemiology, and costs from various sources.
- Cost-effectiveness was evaluated based on short-term efficacy and long-term treatment continuation scenarios.
- Life years gained and Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) were used as effect measures, with sensitivity analyses addressing uncertainties.
Main Results:
- Combination therapy yielded 0.05 additional life years and 0.062 QALYs at a cost saving of €1929 compared to aspirin alone.
- Continued treatment was projected to be cost-effective (ICER < €20,000/QALY) if annual risk reduction exceeded 0.487%.
Conclusions:
- Clopidogrel and aspirin combination therapy, as per the CLARITY regimen, is cost-effective for STEMI management.
- Sensitivity analyses confirmed the model's robustness, indicating continued treatment is likely cost-effective based on indirect evidence.
Objective:
This study assesses the costs and effects of combination treatment with clopidogrel and aspirin in comparison to aspirin alone in patients with an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in a Dutch setting.
Methods:
A decision tree model is used to combine data from different sources about efficacy, epidemiology and costs. In the short-run, cost-effectiveness is based on efficacy data derived from the CLARITY trial. The cost-effectiveness of continued treatment is addressed by analysing which conditions need to be fulfilled to deem the strategy 'cost-effective', and discussing whether it is likely that it is. Estimates concerning the benefits of preventing events are derived from Swedish registries. Approximations of both direct and indirect costs are derived from the literature. Effects are expressed as life years gained and Quality Adjust Life Years (QALYs). Uncertainties are addressed by uni- and multivariate sensitivity analyses with and without taking account of the dependency between the separate ischaemic events.
Results:
A treatment regimen similar to that of the CLARITY trial, including patients similar to those in the trial, is estimated to result in 0.05 additional life years and 0.062 additional quality adjusted life years for a cost that is euro1929 lower than aspirin therapy. Continuation of treatment outside the trial period is expected to result in ICERs of below euro20,000 per QALY as long as the real risk reduction of combination treatment is greater than 0.487% per year.
Conclusion:
The results indicate that clopidogrel therapy combined with aspirin, according to the regimen seen in CLARITY, and using data from Swedish registries to inform the model, is cost-effective. Sensitivity analyses suggest that the model is robust to a wide range of parameter estimates, including those based on data from Swedish registries. Continued treatment is very likely to be cost effective in light of all the indirect evidence.
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