Effects of a peer-counseled AIDS education program on knowledge, attitudes, and satisfaction of adolescents

Education programs for adolescents regarding acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been advocated by many professionals to help minimize the risk of infection in this population. This study compares a peer-led vs. an adult-led AIDS education program on the knowledge, attitudes, and satisfaction of the adolescents with their education. Eighty-two male and female adolescents, ranging in age from 12 to 18 years, were randomly assigned to a peer (n = 27), adult (n = 28), and control (n = 27) group. Intervention consisted of receiving didactic information and viewing a videotape about AIDS transmission and prevention. All subjects completed the AIDS Knowledge Questionnaire-Revised, AIDS Attitude Survey, and a measure of consumer satisfaction. Statistical analyses revealed a significant effect for knowledge and attitudes toward practicing personal preventive behaviors and the seriousness of AIDS; both peer- and adult-led groups were superior to controls (p less than 0.05). With the exception of satisfaction with providers, no other significant effects were found across the intervention groups. Satisfaction with providers showed an effect for sex (p less than 0.05). Female adolescents reported more satisfaction with presenters than male adolescents did. Although both adult and peer counselors were equally effective in promoting knowledge gains and appropriate attitude changes, more questions were asked of the peer counselors. These data suggest that when education is presented by peer counselors, adolescents may be more likely to see AIDS as a personal danger and that peer counselors should be considered when designing comprehensive AIDS education programs.