Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning because...
Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a bonus...
Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines01:24

Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines

A Y-connected synchronous generator, grounded through a neutral impedance, is designed to produce balanced internal phase voltages with only positive-sequence components. The generator's sequence networks include a source voltage that is exclusively in the positive-sequence network. The sequence components of line-to-ground voltages at the generator terminals illustrate this configuration.
Zero-sequence current induces a voltage drop across the generator's neutral impedance and other...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hypoxia training attenuates left ventricular remodeling in rabbit with myocardial infarction.

Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC·2014
Same author

Imides modified benzopicenes: synthesis, solid structure and optoelectronic properties.

Organic & biomolecular chemistry·2014
Same author

An efficient identity-based key management scheme for wireless sensor networks using the Bloom filter.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2014
Same author

A rare variant in APOC3 is associated with plasma triglyceride and VLDL levels in Europeans.

Nature communications·2014
Same author

A new nodavirus is associated with covert mortality disease of shrimp.

The Journal of general virology·2014
Same author

Sensitive detection of trace amounts of KRAS codon 12 mutations by a fast and novel one-step technique.

Clinical biochemistry·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

Neural correlates of sequence encoding in visuomotor learning.

Yigal Agam1, Jie Huang, Robert Sekuler

  • 1Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. yigal@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu

Journal of Neurophysiology
|January 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how the brain learns sequences. Event-related potentials (ERPs) showed a steeper gradient with repetition, suggesting a neural mechanism for remembering order.

More Related Videos

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
06:04

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice

Published on: March 4, 2014

Using Virtual Reality to Transfer Motor Skill Knowledge from One Hand to Another
05:12

Using Virtual Reality to Transfer Motor Skill Knowledge from One Hand to Another

Published on: September 18, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
06:04

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice

Published on: March 4, 2014

Using Virtual Reality to Transfer Motor Skill Knowledge from One Hand to Another
05:12

Using Virtual Reality to Transfer Motor Skill Knowledge from One Hand to Another

Published on: September 18, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Motor Control

Background:

  • Sequence learning is a fundamental human ability crucial for motor control and cognition.
  • Previous research identified a serial position effect in event-related potentials (ERPs) during sequence memory tasks.
  • The functional significance of this ERP amplitude gradient in sequence learning remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying sequence learning through repetition.
  • To examine how the brain explicitly encodes serial order information.
  • To understand the functional role of the ERP amplitude gradient in sequence memory consolidation.

Main Methods:

  • Recording event-related potentials (ERPs) while subjects viewed and memorized sequences of motions.
  • Presenting sequences multiple times to observe learning effects on ERPs.
  • Analyzing changes in ERP amplitude as a function of serial position and repetition.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral accuracy in reproducing sequences improved with repetition.
  • ERPs showed repetition suppression, with amplitudes decreasing across presentations.
  • The decreasing ERP amplitude gradient across serial positions became steeper with sequence repetition.

Conclusions:

  • Repeated exposure and imitation enhance sequence learning and memory accuracy.
  • Sharpening of the ERP amplitude gradient reflects an explicit encoding process for serial order.
  • The brain may utilize a magnitude code for representing the order of elements in a learned sequence.