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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...
IR Spectrum01:19

IR Spectrum

When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0% (complete...
Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...

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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
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A double pass spectrometer for the far infrared.

I G Nolt, R D Kirby, C D Lytle

    Applied Optics
    |January 15, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel double-pass optical system enhances spectral dispersion for far-infrared (FIR) spectroscopy. This improves the resolving power of grating monochromators and the performance of lamellar grating interferometers at higher frequencies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Spectroscopy
    • Far-Infrared (FIR) Technology

    Background:

    • Far-infrared (FIR) spectroscopy faces energy limitations, impacting spectral dispersion and instrument performance.
    • Improving resolving power in FIR grating monochromators and interferometer performance at higher frequencies is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a double-pass optical system for enhancing spectral dispersion in FIR spectroscopy.
    • To evaluate the system's effectiveness in improving the resolving power of grating monochromators and lamellar grating interferometers.

    Main Methods:

    • Construction of a far-infrared spectrometer utilizing a double-pass optical system.
    • Application of the optical system to both grating monochromators and lamellar grating interferometers.
    • Analysis of instrument errors and signal noise affecting Fourier interferometers.

    Main Results:

    • The double-pass system efficiently increases spectral dispersion, thereby enhancing the resolving power of grating monochromators.
    • The same optical system demonstrably improves the performance of lamellar grating interferometers at higher frequencies.
    • Instrument errors and signal noise were identified as potential limitations for FIR Fourier interferometers.

    Conclusions:

    • The double-pass optical system is an effective method for improving spectral dispersion and resolving power in FIR spectroscopy.
    • This approach offers significant advantages for both monochromator and interferometer designs in the far-infrared range.
    • Further consideration of instrument limitations is necessary for optimizing FIR Fourier interferometer performance.