Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...

UV–Vis Spectrometers

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching

In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of 2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in the 3500–3100 cm−1 range. Even though both O−H and N−H bonds vibrate at a similar...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Ocular fluorescein phototoxicity.

Applied optics·2010

Same author

Retinal polarization effects.

Applied optics·2010

Same author

Second harmonic light generation in the rabbit cornea.

Applied optics·2010

Same author

Wound disruption and early ambulation.

Annals of surgery·2010

Same author

Radiation pattern for a diffuse wall cavity, nonuniform in temperature and emissivity.

Applied optics·2010

Same author

Spectrum of a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity containing an active medium.

Applied optics·2010

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

A Fourier Transform Spectrometer for the 10-10,000 cm(-1) Spectral Region.

B F Hochheimer, C F Bradley

|January 15, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel Michelson interferometer spectrometer enables detailed analysis of infrared emission and absorption spectra from diverse, weakly emitting sources. This versatile instrument achieves high-resolution spectral investigations across a broad wavenumber range.

More Related Videos

Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Published on: June 27, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Published on: June 27, 2014

Area of Science:

Spectroscopy
Physical Chemistry
Instrumental Analysis

Background:

Investigating infrared (IR) spectra of weakly emitting sources requires sensitive and versatile instrumentation.
Traditional methods may lack the resolution or spectral range for complex samples.

Purpose of the Study:

To construct and characterize a Michelson interferometer spectrometer for broad-range IR emission and absorption spectroscopy.
To demonstrate the instrument's capability with challenging samples like thermally excited gases and fluorescing solids.

Main Methods:

Construction of a Michelson interferometer spectrometer.
Integration of auxiliary apparatus for absorption studies and variable temperature measurements (liquid helium/nitrogen).
Spectral analysis of methane and ammonia samples.

Main Results:

The spectrometer successfully investigated IR emission spectra from 10 to 10,000 cm(-1).
Absorption spectra of gases, liquids, and solids were studied.
Demonstrated capabilities with methane's v(2) forbidden band and ammonia's inversion rotation spectra.

Conclusions:

The designed Michelson interferometer spectrometer meets demanding conditions for high-resolution IR spectral analysis.
The instrument is suitable for studying a wide array of weakly emitting and absorbing samples.
Provides a valuable tool for physical chemistry and materials science research.