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Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes
06:56

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes

Published on: May 23, 2017

Moiré gauging using optical interference patterns.

R E Brooks, L O Heflinger

    Applied Optics
    |January 15, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study presents a noncontacting moiré technique to measure surface deformations and differences. The method uses laser interference patterns and a master negative for real-time observation of changes, adaptable for various object sizes.

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    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Metrology
    • Surface Analysis
    • Experimental Mechanics

    Background:

    • Accurate measurement of surface deformations and configurational differences is crucial in engineering and material science.
    • Existing techniques may be contact-based, limited in scope, or lack real-time quantitative feedback.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and detail a novel moiré technique for noncontacting, quantitative surface analysis.
    • To demonstrate its application in measuring object deformations and comparing surface configurations of similar objects.

    Main Methods:

    • Generating a grid pattern on an object using laser interference.
    • Creating a master negative by photographing the illuminated object.
    • Observing moiré patterns in real-time by viewing a deformed or second object through the master negative.

    Main Results:

    • The technique provides real-time, quantitative data on surface changes.
    • It is applicable to objects of various sizes.
    • Sensitivity is adjustable for different measurement needs.

    Conclusions:

    • The described moiré technique offers a versatile, noncontacting, and sensitive method for surface deformation and difference analysis.
    • It has broad applicability in scientific and engineering fields requiring precise surface metrology.