Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Colonization of Land02:22

The Colonization of Land

Changes in the environment of the early Earth drove the evolution of organisms. As prokaryotic organisms in the oceans began to photosynthesize, they produced oxygen. Eventually, oxygen saturated the oceans and entered the air, resulting in an increase in atmospheric oxygen concentration, known as the oxygen revolution approximately 2.3 billion years ago. Therefore, organisms that could use oxygen for cellular respiration had an advantage. More than 1.5 years ago, eukaryotic cells and...
Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion01:10

Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. He formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe.
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Copernicus put forth a theory that stated a heliocentric model for the solar system. According to this heliocentric theory, all the planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in circular orbits.
On the other hand,...
Conditions on Early Earth02:06

Conditions on Early Earth

Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
Conditions on Early Earth02:06

Conditions on Early Earth

Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion01:29

Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. His first law states that all planets orbit the Sun in an elliptical orbit, with the Sun at one of the ellipse's foci. Therefore, the distance of a planet from the Sun varies throughout its revolution around the Sun.
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion01:18

Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. In 1909, he formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe. However, in 1918, he published his third law of planetary motion, which gives a precise mathematical relationship between a planet's average distance from the Sun and the amount of time it takes to revolve around the Sun. It...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Projecting Climate Dependent Coastal Flood Risk With a Hybrid Statistical Dynamical Model.

Earth's future·2022
Same author

Multiple host shifts by the emerging honeybee parasite, Varroa jacobsoni.

Molecular ecology·2015
Same author

A novel strain of sacbrood virus of interest to world apiculture.

Journal of invertebrate pathology·2014
Same author

Periodontal disease part I: types, etiology, and epidemiology.

Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien·2011
Same author

Laparoscopy in General Surgery: The pros and cons of endoscopic surgery.

Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien·2011
Same author

Medical aspects of renal insufficiency in urologic practice.

The Medical clinics of North America·2010
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory
06:04

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Published on: November 15, 2013

The evolution of terrestrial-type planets.

D L Anderson

    Applied Optics
    |January 15, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Early Earth differentiation, driven by accretion energy, formed its core, crust, mantle, and atmosphere. Larger planets are more likely to differentiate extensively, unlike Mars which shows minor outgassing.

    More Related Videos

    Surface Mapping of Earth-like Exoplanets using Single Point Light Curves
    06:48

    Surface Mapping of Earth-like Exoplanets using Single Point Light Curves

    Published on: May 10, 2020

    Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment
    06:29

    Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment

    Published on: February 27, 2021

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

    Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory
    06:04

    Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

    Published on: November 15, 2013

    Surface Mapping of Earth-like Exoplanets using Single Point Light Curves
    06:48

    Surface Mapping of Earth-like Exoplanets using Single Point Light Curves

    Published on: May 10, 2020

    Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment
    06:29

    Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment

    Published on: February 27, 2021

    Area of Science:

    • Planetary Science
    • Geophysics
    • Earth Science

    Background:

    • The internal state and formation ages of Earth provide constraints on terrestrial planet history.
    • Earth is a highly differentiated body, with surface rock ages indicating early differentiation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the early history of Earth and other terrestrial planets.
    • To understand the processes driving planetary differentiation and outgassing.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of Earth's internal state and surface rock ages.
    • Modeling of planetary accretion and differentiation processes.

    Main Results:

    • Gravitational and core formation energies drive Earth's differentiation into core, mantle, crust, atmosphere, and hydrosphere.
    • Planetary size correlates with the extent of differentiation and outgassing.
    • Earth likely accreted rapidly (within 10^5 years), leading to simultaneous core formation and accretion.
    • Mars may accrete without significant differentiation or outgassing.

    Conclusions:

    • Early, rapid accretion and differentiation were crucial for Earth's current state.
    • Planetary size is a key factor in differentiation and outgassing processes.
    • Comparative planetology highlights distinct evolutionary pathways for terrestrial planets.