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Related Concept Videos

Ureters01:22

Ureters

The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers

Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
Classification and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Polymers01:28

Classification and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Polymers

Synthetic polymers are classified as elastomers, fibers, or plastics based on their crystallinity. Crystallinity, the degree of long-range order in the solid state, influences the mechanical properties (stretching or contracting) of elastomers. Elastomers are flexible polymers that can expand or contract easily upon the application of an external force. They have numerous crosslinks that pull them back into their original shape when stress is removed. Silicones, for instance, are highly elastic...

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Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents
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Fabrication of Small Caliber Stent-grafts Using Electrospinning and Balloon Expandable Bare Metal Stents

Published on: October 26, 2016

Polymers as ureteral stents.

Nandakumar Venkatesan1, Sunil Shroff, Karthik Jayachandran

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.

Journal of Endourology
|January 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review examines ureteral stent materials to reduce urinary tract infections and encrustation. It explores polymers, coatings, and designs for improved patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology and biomaterials science.

Background:

  • Indwelling ureteral stents are crucial in urology but pose risks.
  • Patients with ureteral stents face increased urinary tract infection (UTI) and encrustation risks.
  • Stent encrustation leads to significant patient morbidity.

Observation:

  • This review critically evaluates various polymers used in ureteral stents.
  • It assesses polymers based on encrustation, bacterial colonization, and UTI development.
  • Literature survey identifies current materials, testing methods, and novel designs.

Findings:

  • Current ureteral stent polymers are prone to encrustation and biofilm formation.
  • New biomaterials, coatings, and stent designs show promise in mitigating these issues.
  • Advanced testing methods are being developed to better predict clinical performance.

Implications:

  • Improved ureteral stent materials and designs can reduce complications like UTIs and encrustation.
  • Future biomaterial advancements hold potential for enhanced urinary tract device performance.
  • Optimizing stent properties is key to improving patient quality of life and reducing healthcare burdens.