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Related Concept Videos

The Phragmoplast01:59

The Phragmoplast

Cell division is essential for organismal growth and development. In animal cells, the central spindle and its associated proteins form the midbody, a structure that has an essential role in cytokinesis. In plants, the central spindle, along with the microtubules, actin, and other cell components, matures into the phragmoplast, which is necessary for cytokinesis. Unlike the stationary midbody, the phragmoplast expands centrifugally, eventually leading to the formation of the new cell wall.
The...
The Phragmoplast01:59

The Phragmoplast

Cell division is essential for organismal growth and development. In animal cells, the central spindle and its associated proteins form the midbody, a structure that has an essential role in cytokinesis. In plants, the central spindle, along with the microtubules, actin, and other cell components, matures into the phragmoplast, which is necessary for cytokinesis. Unlike the stationary midbody, the phragmoplast expands centrifugally, eventually leading to the formation of the new cell wall.
The...
The Nucleus01:32

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
The Nucleus01:25

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
The Nucleus01:25

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles, paraspeckles, etc. These nuclear...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport
12:13

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport

Published on: June 9, 2010

The plant nuclear envelope in focus.

Katja Graumann1, David E Evans

  • 1School of Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|January 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers reviewed key proteins in the plant nuclear envelope (NE), including its membranes and nuclear pores. This summary covers protein identification, targeting, and NE functions for better plant cell understanding.

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In Vitro Nuclear Assembly Using Fractionated Xenopus Egg Extracts
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In Vitro Nuclear Assembly Using Fractionated Xenopus Egg Extracts

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport
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Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport

Published on: June 9, 2010

In Vitro Nuclear Assembly Using Fractionated Xenopus Egg Extracts
04:49

In Vitro Nuclear Assembly Using Fractionated Xenopus Egg Extracts

Published on: September 2, 2008

Area of Science:

  • Plant Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • The plant nuclear envelope (NE) is crucial for cellular function and integrity.
  • Understanding NE protein composition is key to deciphering its roles.
  • Recent technological advances facilitate detailed NE protein characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the protein constituents of the plant nuclear envelope.
  • To summarize knowledge on membrane-integral and membrane-associated proteins.
  • To discuss protein targeting mechanisms and overall NE function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific publications.
  • Analysis of identified and characterized NE protein constituents.
  • Synthesis of data on protein localization and functional roles.

Main Results:

  • Detailed characterization of proteins in the NE's pore domain, inner, and outer membranes.
  • Identification of key membrane-integral and membrane-associated NE proteins.
  • Insights into the mechanisms of protein targeting to the NE.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding plant NE protein composition.
  • This knowledge advances our comprehension of NE structure and function.
  • Further research on protein dynamics will refine our understanding of NE biology.