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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR
14:14

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR

Published on: December 6, 2014

Primary immunodeficiency diseases: a practical guide for clinicians.

S E Turvey1, F A Bonilla, A K Junker

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. sturvey@cw.bc.ca

Postgraduate Medical Journal
|January 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are genetic disorders increasing susceptibility to infections, autoimmunity, and malignancy. This review offers practical guidance for identifying, assessing, and treating PIDs in patients of all ages.

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR
14:14

Simultaneous Quantification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) and K-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles (KRECs) by Real-time PCR

Published on: December 6, 2014

Novel Protocol for Generating Physiologic Immunogenic Dendritic Cells
12:08

Novel Protocol for Generating Physiologic Immunogenic Dendritic Cells

Published on: May 17, 2019

Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners
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Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners

Published on: June 30, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are rare genetic disorders affecting the immune system.
  • PIDs lead to increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmunity, and malignancy.
  • PIDs can manifest at any age, presenting diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the human immune system's organization and consequences of its dysfunction.
  • To provide practical guidelines for identifying patients with potential immune defects.
  • To offer an overview of screening investigations and therapeutic options for PIDs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the human immune system's basic organization.
  • Analysis of infection types associated with immune dysfunction.
  • Development of clinical guidelines for PID assessment.
  • Overview of diagnostic screening and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Understanding PID prevalence (1:2000 to 1:10,000 live births).
  • Identification of key indicators for PID referral.
  • Summary of screening tests and available treatments for PIDs.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification and assessment are crucial for managing PIDs.
  • Comprehensive guidelines aid physicians in diagnosing and treating immune defects.
  • Effective therapeutic options exist for patients with primary immunodeficiencies.