Related Concept Videos
01:29Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
01:22Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
01:16Flame Photometry: Lab
In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
01:26Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
01:16Focusing of Light in the Eye
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
01:29Plane Electromagnetic Waves II
Consider a plane wavefront traveling in position x-direction with a constant speed. This wavefront can be utilized to obtain the relationship between electric and magnetic fields with the help of Faraday's law.
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Updated: Jun 17, 2026
11:34
Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
Published on: July 1, 2019
Summary
Jet Propulsion Laboratory researchers are advancing optics for space exploration. Their work spans digital imaging, planetary spectroscopy, spacecraft guidance, and solar simulation for future missions.
Area of Science:
- Optics and Space Science
- Planetary Science
- Aerospace Engineering
Background:
- The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) conducts cutting-edge research in optical technologies.
- Advancements in optics are crucial for modern space exploration and remote sensing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of current optical research activities at JPL.
- To highlight key areas of innovation in space optics and instrumentation.
Main Methods:
- Description of ongoing projects in flight television systems and digital image processing.
- Application of spectroscopy for planetary analysis.
- Development of optical systems for spacecraft guidance and navigation.
- Simulation of solar radiation for testing and calibration.
Main Results:
- Progress in developing advanced digital image processing capabilities.
- Enhanced spectroscopic techniques for characterizing planetary surfaces.
- Improved optical guidance systems for autonomous spacecraft.
- Successful simulation of solar radiation environments.
Conclusions:
- JPL's diverse optics research significantly contributes to space exploration capabilities.
- Ongoing work in digital imaging, spectroscopy, and guidance systems prepares for future interplanetary missions.