IR Spectrometers
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview
UV–Vis Spectrometers
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview
Spectrophotometry: Introduction
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
Published on: March 22, 2019
A new near-infrared grating spectrometer was developed for studying faint atmospheric emissions. This instrument utilizes a cooled photomultiplier tube and paper tape data recording for enhanced signal averaging.
Area of Science:
Background:
Purpose of the Study:
Main Methods:
Main Results:
Conclusions: