Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects its...
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the lytic replication...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hepatitis B Virus e Antigen in Mother-to-Child Transmission and Clinical Management of Hepatitis B.

Viruses·2025
Same author

Retraction: C-Jun mediates hepatitis C virus hepatocarcinogenesis through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and nitric oxide-dependent impairment of oxidative DNA repair.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)·2025
Same author

Effects of cellular membranes and the precore protein on hepatitis B virus core particle assembly and DNA replication.

mBio·2025
Same author

Hepatitis B virus e antigen induces atypical metabolism and differentially regulates programmed cell deaths of macrophages.

PLoS pathogens·2024
Same author

Regulation of Mitochondrial Metabolism by Hepatitis B Virus.

Viruses·2023
Same author

β-CATENIN stabilizes HIF2 through lncRNA and inhibits intravenous immunoglobulin immunotherapy.

Frontiers in immunology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
09:10

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: October 28, 2019

Autophagy in viral replication and pathogenesis.

Donna Sir1, Jing-hsiung James Ou

  • 1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.

Molecules and Cells
|January 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Autophagy, a cellular process, is impacted by viruses. Some viruses suppress autophagy for survival, while others exploit it for replication, influencing viral disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process crucial for maintaining homeostasis by clearing damaged components.
  • This catabolic pathway also functions as a component of the innate immune system, targeting intracellular pathogens.
  • Viruses exhibit diverse interactions with autophagy, impacting cellular health and viral replication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex interplay between various viruses and the autophagy pathway.
  • To elucidate how viral modulation of autophagy affects both viral pathogenesis and host cell fate.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating virus-autophagy interactions.
  • Analysis of reported mechanisms by which viruses influence autophagy.

More Related Videos

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus
11:28

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

Published on: October 7, 2011

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
09:10

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: October 28, 2019

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus
11:28

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

Published on: October 7, 2011

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

  • Synthesis of data on the consequences of these interactions for viral replication and host cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Viruses display varied strategies, either inhibiting or promoting autophagy.
    • Viral manipulation of autophagy impacts viral replication efficiency.
    • Modulation of autophagy by viruses influences host cell survival or death, contributing to disease.

    Conclusions:

    • The relationship between viruses and autophagy is multifaceted and context-dependent.
    • Understanding these interactions is critical for comprehending viral pathogenesis.
    • Targeting the autophagy pathway presents potential therapeutic strategies against viral infections.