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Related Concept Videos

General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...

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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

CO2-Lasertonsillotomy Under Local Anesthesia in Adults
05:07

CO2-Lasertonsillotomy Under Local Anesthesia in Adults

Published on: November 6, 2019

Office-based anesthesia.

Matt M Kurrek1, Rebecca S Twersky

  • 1The Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, Room 121, Fitzgerald Building, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada. m.kurrek@utoronto.ca

Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia = Journal Canadien D'Anesthesie
|January 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Office-based anesthesia (OBA) is a growing field with unique patient safety considerations. While regulation varies, accredited OBA facilities demonstrate very low complication rates, highlighting the importance of established standards.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Healthcare Administration
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Office-based anesthesia (OBA) is an emerging specialty requiring distinct protocols compared to hospital settings.
  • Unique challenges exist in administering anesthesia within freestanding office environments.
  • Safe patient care necessitates recognizing and addressing these specific OBA considerations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review critical issues and essential aspects of safe patient care in office-based anesthesia.
  • To provide a summary of best practices for OBA providers.
  • To highlight the evolving landscape of OBA regulation and accreditation.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of Medline, Embase, Biological Abstract, Science Citation Index, and Healthstar databases (1966-2008).
  • Inclusion of English language articles focusing on "office-based anesthesia."
  • Inquiry with governing bodies like the American Society of Anesthesiologists and Canadian provincial colleges.

Main Results:

  • Office-based anesthesia (OBA) exhibits significant regulatory gaps in Canada and the US.
  • Despite safety concerns, OBA demonstrates low reported mortality and major complication rates, particularly in accredited facilities.
  • Facility design, administrative protocols, and patient care require careful planning and execution for safe OBA.

Conclusions:

  • Increasingly, Canadian provinces and US states are implementing regulations for office-based facilities.
  • Accreditation is becoming a mandatory requirement for many office-based anesthesia providers.
  • Regulatory oversight is crucial for ensuring patient safety in the expanding field of OBA.