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Updated: Jun 17, 2026

An Electrophysiology Protocol to Measure Reward Anticipation and Processing in Children
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Perturbed reward processing in pediatric bipolar disorder: an antisaccade study.

Sven C Mueller1, Pamela Ng, Veronica Temple

  • 1Section of Developmental and Affective Neuroscience National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Health, 15k North Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. msven@mail.nih.gov

Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)
|January 19, 2010
PubMed
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Youths with bipolar disorder show impaired reward processing, especially on complex eye movement tasks. This suggests affective processes significantly impact behavioral control in pediatric bipolar disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is a severe mental health condition.
  • Understanding PBD's impact on cognitive function is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Previous research indicates deficits in cognitive control and reward processing in PBD, but the role of affective processes remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how affective processes influence behavioral control in youths with bipolar disorder.
  • To compare reward sensitivity and cognitive/motor control in pediatric bipolar disorder patients versus healthy controls using eye movement tasks.
  • To precisely assess reward processing and control deficits in PBD.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed pro-antisaccade task with monetary incentives was administered to 20 youths with bipolar disorder and 23 healthy controls.

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  • Eye movement tasks were used for precise assessment of reward sensitivity and control.
  • Participants encountered trials involving potential monetary gains, losses, or neutral outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Youths with bipolar disorder exhibited impaired reward processing compared to controls, particularly during antisaccade trials.
    • Control participants showed improved performance (lower error rates) with incentives, while PBD patients did not.
    • No significant group differences were observed in prosaccade trials, highlighting the specificity of the deficit.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides evidence for deficits in cognitive and reward processing in pediatric bipolar disorder.
    • Affective processes, especially under conditions of reward, significantly impact behavioral control in PBD.
    • Eye movement tasks offer a sensitive measure for detecting subtle cognitive and reward processing impairments in youth with bipolar disorder.