Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Site-Directed Immobilization of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 to Solid Surfaces by Click Chemistry
Published on: March 29, 2018
Formulations and delivery vehicles for bone morphogenetic proteins: latest advances and future directions
1Department of Surgery and Traumatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. T.J.Blokhuis@umcutrecht.nl
Abstract:
Growth factors are essential components of the diamond concept model. The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are the most potent and promising growth factors and their clinical efficacy is well demonstrated for specific indications. Application of BMPs involves a carrier material to enhance local residual time and pharmacokinetics. On the other hand carrier materials, collagen at this point, also limit the use of BMPs, for example in minimally invasive application methods. In this overview, the pharmacokinetics of BMPs, and various carrier materials (collagen, synthetic polymers, calcium phosphates, hyaluronic acid, CMC, and sodium acetate) are discussed. No other carrier material than collagen has been proven effective in clinical studies. Other formulations are needed to improve the residual time and handling.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Bone Remodeling and Repair
Bone Remodeling
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

