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Related Concept Videos

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
Designing Growth Media for Bioreactors01:30

Designing Growth Media for Bioreactors

Growth media provide essential nutrients that support cell growth and metabolism, thereby enhancing the yield of valuable products such as enzymes, antibiotics, and biomass. Designing an effective growth medium involves balancing all components to prevent nutrient limitations or toxic excesses, both of which can impair growth and reduce product yields.Composition of a Typical Growth MediumA typical growth medium contains carbon and nitrogen sources, salts, vitamins, trace elements, and...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Electrospinning Growth Factor Releasing Microspheres into Fibrous Scaffolds
09:29

Electrospinning Growth Factor Releasing Microspheres into Fibrous Scaffolds

Published on: August 16, 2014

Are growth factors the answer?

Shilpa Ramaswamy1, Jeffrey H Kordower

  • 1Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
|January 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Growth factors show promise for treating Parkinson's disease (PD) by offering neuroprotection and disease modification, unlike current symptomatic treatments. This review explores growth factors used in PD animal models and clinical trials.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease (PD) necessitate treatments that modify disease progression.
  • Current therapies, such as levodopa, primarily offer symptomatic relief and have limited long-term efficacy.
  • Growth factors possess neuroprotective properties with the potential to alter PD's course.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review growth factors utilized in Parkinson's disease research.
  • To discuss growth factors employed in both PD animal models and human clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on growth factors in Parkinson's disease.
  • Analysis of growth factors used in preclinical animal models.
  • Examination of growth factors investigated in clinical trials for PD.

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3D Analysis of Multi-cellular Responses to Chemoattractant Gradients
05:57

3D Analysis of Multi-cellular Responses to Chemoattractant Gradients

Published on: May 24, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Electrospinning Growth Factor Releasing Microspheres into Fibrous Scaffolds
09:29

Electrospinning Growth Factor Releasing Microspheres into Fibrous Scaffolds

Published on: August 16, 2014

3D Analysis of Multi-cellular Responses to Chemoattractant Gradients
05:57

3D Analysis of Multi-cellular Responses to Chemoattractant Gradients

Published on: May 24, 2019

Main Results:

  • Growth factors demonstrate potential for neuroprotection and disease modification in PD.
  • Several growth factors are actively being studied in PD animal models.
  • A subset of these growth factors has progressed to human clinical trials.

Conclusions:

  • Growth factors represent a promising therapeutic avenue for Parkinson's disease.
  • Their disease-modifying and neuroprotective capabilities offer advantages over purely symptomatic treatments.
  • Further research and clinical trials are warranted to fully elucidate the role of growth factors in PD treatment.