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Related Concept Videos

Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...
Operon Model01:23

Operon Model

The operon model represents a fundamental mechanism of gene regulation in prokaryotes, enabling coordinated expression of genes involved in related metabolic or functional pathways. Operons consist of structural genes, a promoter, and an operator, with transcription regulated by repressors, activators, and small effector molecules.Structure and Function of OperonsAn operon is a cluster of structural genes transcribed together under the control of a single promoter. The promoter region...
Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors01:58

Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors

The organization of prokaryotic genes in their genome is notably different from that of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic genes are organized, such that the genes for proteins involved in the same biochemical process or function are located together in groups. This group of genes, along with their regulatory elements, are collectively known as an operon. The functional genes in an operon are transcribed together to give a single strand of mRNA known as polycistronic mRNA.
Transcription of prokaryotic...
Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors01:58

Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors

The organization of prokaryotic genes in their genome is notably different from that of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic genes are organized, such that the genes for proteins involved in the same biochemical process or function are located together in groups. This group of genes, along with their regulatory elements, are collectively known as an operon. The functional genes in an operon are transcribed together to give a single strand of mRNA known as polycistronic mRNA.
Transcription of prokaryotic...

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In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression
08:54

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Published on: March 29, 2019

Deconstructing repression: evolving models of co-repressor action.

Valentina Perissi1, Kristen Jepsen, Christopher K Glass

  • 1Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.

Nature Reviews. Genetics
|January 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gene repression, vital for health and development, relies on co-repressor complexes like nuclear receptor co-repressor (NCoR) and silencing mediator (SMRT). Emerging data reveals new themes in how these complexes regulate gene expression.

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Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

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Published on: March 29, 2019

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Published on: May 5, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gene repression is essential for development, homeostasis, and disease prevention.
  • Enzymatic complexes called co-repressors, recruited by transcription factors, mediate gene repression.
  • Co-repressors often function by enzymatically modifying histone protein tails.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies underlying gene repression events.
  • To discuss emerging themes in gene repression mechanisms.
  • To highlight the roles of specific co-repressor complexes, such as NCoR and SMRT.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genome-scale data.
  • Analysis of co-repressor complex functions.
  • Discussion of emerging themes in gene repression.

Main Results:

  • Genome-scale data is enhancing our understanding of co-repressor mechanisms.
  • Specific co-repressor complexes, including NCoR (NCOR1) and SMRT (NCOR2), employ distinct repression strategies.
  • Emerging themes in gene repression are becoming apparent.

Conclusions:

  • The understanding of co-repressor action is evolving with new data.
  • NCoR and SMRT complexes represent key examples of gene repression machinery.
  • Further research into emerging themes will deepen our knowledge of gene regulation.