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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia Using a Multipolar Catheter and 3-dimensional Mapping System for High-density Electro-anatomical Reconstruction
06:57

Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia Using a Multipolar Catheter and 3-dimensional Mapping System for High-density Electro-anatomical Reconstruction

Published on: January 31, 2019

An improved in vivo method for atrioventricular node ablation via thoracotomy.

R H Maciver1, R D Stewart, C L Backer

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular-Thoracic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Medicas E Biologicas
|January 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary

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Researchers developed an improved animal model for complete heart block (CHB) by refining surgical techniques and using a novel injection device for precise atrioventricular (AV) node ablation. This model aids in testing new therapies for CHB before human trials.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Permanent pacemaker implantation is required in ~3% of congenital heart surgery due to atrioventricular (AV) node damage.
  • Effective in vivo models are crucial for developing and testing new treatments for complete heart block (CHB).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe an improved in vivo model for inducing chronic AV block, mimicking surgical pathology.
  • To enable accurate, reliable, and detectable induction of CHB for preclinical research.

Main Methods:

  • A novel surgical approach in adult rabbits involving right thoracotomy and AV node access.
  • Development of a specialized injection device with depth restriction and ECG guidance for precise formalin ablation of the AV node.
  • Real-time electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring to confirm AV node contact and document ablation.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia Using a Multipolar Catheter and 3-dimensional Mapping System for High-density Electro-anatomical Reconstruction
06:57

Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia Using a Multipolar Catheter and 3-dimensional Mapping System for High-density Electro-anatomical Reconstruction

Published on: January 31, 2019

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 26, 2013

Robotic Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
11:21

Robotic Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: May 29, 2015

Main Results:

  • All animals achieved acute AV block.
  • Animals with ECG guidance demonstrated a higher likelihood of maintaining chronic heart block (>12 hours).
  • The model successfully reproduced CHB and associated peripheral fibrosis, relevant to congenital heart surgery.

Conclusions:

  • The improved rabbit model provides a reliable method for inducing chronic AV block and associated fibrosis.
  • This model is suitable for evaluating tissue-engineered therapies and pacemaker designs for CHB.
  • Enhanced precision and documentation through the novel injection device improve model reproducibility.