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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Analysis of Cell Cycle Position in Mammalian Cells
Published on: January 21, 2012
Antiproliferative effect of 13-cis-retinoic acid is associated with granulocyte differentiation and decrease in
Ana Vuletic1, Gordana Konjevic, Desanka Milanovic
1Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Beograd, Serbia. radovanovica@ncrc.ac.rs
Abstract:
Retinoic acid (RA), similar to specific growth factors, can induce differentiation of proliferating promyelocytic precursors into terminally differentiated granulocytes, although little is known about effects of its 13-cis isomer on promyelocytic leukemia (PML). In this study we demonstrate that 13-cis-RA has a dose and time-dependent antiproliferative effect on HL-60 PML cell line, that it induces cell accumulation in resting G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle followed by an increase in CD11b granulocyte differentiation antigen expression. The obtained increase in the percentage of HL-60 cells in G0/G1 phase and complementary decrease in S phase of the cell cycle are accompanied by a decrease in the expression of cell cycle regulatory molecule cyclin B1. We also show the induction of interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) transcription that can, also, to some extent contribute to the antiproliferative effect of 13-cis-RA. Furthermore, down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression in 13-cis-RA treated HL-60 cells may contribute to sensitivity to apoptosis of growth arrested HL-60 promyelocytic cells.
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