Swimming biomechanics and injury prevention: new stroke techniques and medical considerations

Shoulder injuries are common in swimmers of all ages and abilities. Advances in the understanding of biomechanics help identify and correct stroke flaws to prevent shoulder injury. Physicians can demonstrate correct pull patterns and body alignment in an office setting, and proper coaching can help correct mistakes made in the water. If injury occurs, swimmers can employ rehabilitation techniques, including preventive scapular stabilization exercises, to prevent recurrence. The treating physician and physical therapist who understand stroke technique and prevention concepts may help decrease the incidence of swimming-related shoulder injuries.