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Pulmonary embolism: sifting the risk factors
1University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
The Physician and Sportsmedicine
|January 21, 2010
Summary
A young runner experienced chest pain and shortness of breath due to pulmonary embolism, likely caused by oral contraceptive use. She was treated with anticoagulants and gradually returned to running.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Cardiology
- Pulmonary Medicine
Background:
- Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious condition that can affect athletes.
- Risk factors for PE include genetic predispositions and certain medications.
- Oral contraceptive use is a known risk factor for venous thromboembolism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of pulmonary embolism in a young female athlete.
- To discuss the diagnostic approach and management of PE in this population.
- To highlight the role of oral contraceptives as a potential risk factor.
Main Methods:
- A 20-year-old female cross-country runner presented with exertional chest pain and dyspnea.
- Diagnostic workup included chest radiograph and ventilation-perfusion scan.
- Genetic risk factors were tested, and oral contraceptive use was identified as a likely contributor.
Main Results:
- The patient was diagnosed with left-sided pulmonary emboli.
- Genetic testing for thrombophilia was negative.
- Oral contraceptive use was identified as the probable cause.
Conclusions:
- Pulmonary embolism can occur in young athletes, even without genetic risk factors.
- Oral contraceptive use should be considered in the differential diagnosis of PE in female athletes.
- Anticoagulation therapy and gradual return to sport are key management strategies.
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