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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic species of Candida. It can affect various anatomical sites, including the skin, oral cavity, nails, and genitourinary tract. Among its forms, vaginal candidiasis is the most common type of mucosal infection. It typically results from the overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal mucosa. Under normal conditions, C. albicans exists as a commensal organism within the vaginal microbiota, regulated by the dominance of lactobacilli, which...
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Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
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Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the United States. This extracellular parasite primarily colonizes the lower genitourinary tract in women—particularly the vagina—and in men, the urethra and prostate. Its structural and functional adaptations enable its survival, motility, and pathogenicity within the host environment.Structural Features and Host EntryT.
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Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

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Curcuminoid-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on a Murine Model of Oral Candidiasis
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Diagnosing and treating onychomycosis.

M P Seraly1, M L Fuerst

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.

The Physician and Sportsmedicine
|January 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Onychomycosis, a fungal nail infection, is common in active individuals. New antifungal medications offer high cure rates but require patient education on prevention to avoid reinfection.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Onychomycosis poses a significant risk to active individuals due to environmental fungal exposure and favorable conditions in footwear.
  • Prompt diagnosis and targeted therapy are crucial for managing this common fungal infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis and treatment of onychomycosis, particularly in active populations.
  • To highlight the efficacy of newer antifungal agents and the importance of preventive strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Physical examination of the nail plate.
  • Potassium hydroxide (KOH) examination of nail debris for fungal elements.
  • Review of current treatment guidelines for onychomycosis.

Main Results:

  • Diagnostic methods like physical and KOH exams aid in identifying onychomycosis and differentiating it from other conditions.
  • Newer antifungal medications, including itraconazole, fluconazole, and terbinafine hydrochloride, demonstrate high cure rates.
  • Treatment costs associated with newer agents are a consideration.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of onychomycosis involves accurate diagnosis, appropriate drug selection, and patient adherence.
  • Preventive measures and patient education are essential for active individuals to minimize recurrence risk.