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Muscles of the Shoulder

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Clinical Efficacy of Small Needle Knife Therapy on Stage I-II Frozen Shoulder

Clinical Efficacy of Small Needle Knife Therapy on Stage I-II Frozen Shoulder

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Swimmer's Shoulder: Targeting Treatment.

S M Koehler¹, D C Thorson

¹Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.

The Physician and Sportsmedicine

|January 21, 2010

Summary

Swimmer's shoulder, or subacromial impingement, is a common overuse injury in young swimmers. Early diagnosis and treatment, including rest and physical therapy, are key to managing this condition.

Area of Science:

Sports Medicine
Pediatric Orthopedics
Rehabilitation Science

Background:

Subacromial impingement is a frequent overuse injury in swimming, particularly affecting adolescent athletes.
Skeletally immature swimmers with demanding training regimens are especially vulnerable to this condition.

Purpose of the Study:

To illustrate the diagnostic process for swimmer's shoulder in an adolescent case.
To outline effective treatment strategies for managing subacromial impingement in young swimmers.

Main Methods:

A case presentation of a 14-year-old female swimmer with shoulder pain.
Diagnostic work-up included detailed history, physical examination (inspection, palpation), and assessment of shoulder strength, impingement, and instability.
Treatment involved conservative measures such as cryotherapy, relative rest, and tailored physical therapy.

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Main Results:

The case highlights a systematic approach to diagnosing swimmer's shoulder.
Conservative management effectively addressed the patient's pain and functional limitations.
Workout modification was crucial in reducing overuse and preventing recurrence.

Conclusions:

Adolescent swimmer's shoulder requires a thorough diagnostic evaluation.
A multimodal treatment approach combining rest, physical therapy, and activity modification is recommended for optimal outcomes.