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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

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Published on: January 17, 2018

The endoscopic diving technique in pituitary and cranial base surgery: technical note.

Davide Locatelli1, Frank Rikki Canevari, Ilaria Acchiardi

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.

Neurosurgery
|January 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Diving surgery enhances endoscopic endonasal procedures by improving visualization and enabling precise lesion removal. This technique aids in dissecting tumors and managing complications near critical structures.

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Endoscopic Surgery
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Endoscopic endonasal surgery has advanced to encompass the skull base.
  • Improved visualization and lesion removal are critical in complex skull base surgeries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of "diving surgery" in endoscopic endonasal procedures.
  • To assess its role in lesion removal, visualization enhancement, and complication management.

Main Methods:

  • Diving surgery was performed in over 350 procedures for sellar, sinus, and clival region lesions.
  • Intrasellar hydroscopy was used for complete lesion removal assessment.
  • The technique was applied in sellar, cavernous sinus, and posterior cranial fossa cavities.

Main Results:

  • Hydrodissection and flushing facilitated piecemeal lesion removal with direct cleavage plane control.
  • The technique improved bleeding control and avoided blind curettage near the pituitary gland.
  • It proved useful for identifying cavernous sinus infiltrations and assessing pituitary stalk integrity.

Conclusions:

  • Diving surgery is a valuable technique for endoscopic endonasal procedures.
  • It aids in managing minor complications during surgery.