Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
10:03

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: June 27, 2025

Association between left ventricular hypertrophy with retinopathy and renal dysfunction in patients with essential

A Shirafkan1, M Motahari, M Mojerlou

  • 1Golestan Heart Research Center and Department of Cardiology, 5th Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, 5th Azar Avenue, Gorgan, Iran.

Singapore Medical Journal
|January 21, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) correlates with blood pressure and serum creatinine levels. Controlling blood pressure is key to preventing LVH and cardiovascular risks in hypertensive patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Hypertension (HTN) is linked to target organ damage (TOD).
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality.
  • This study investigates the connection between HTN-induced LVH and TOD, specifically retinopathy and renal failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and target organ damage (retinopathy and renal failure).

Main Methods:

  • 102 hypertensive patients (mean age 60.2 years) were assessed.
  • LVH was defined by left ventricular mass index (LVMI) thresholds for men and women.
  • Ophthalmological examination (Keith-Wagener classification), serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urine protein were measured.

Main Results:

  • Hypertensive retinopathy was prevalent in 92.2% of cases.
  • Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures and serum creatinine significantly correlated with LVH severity.
  • No significant relationship was found between LVH severity and retinopathy or proteinuria.

Conclusions:

  • Tight blood pressure control in essential hypertension may delay LVH progression.
  • Routine serum creatinine measurement can predict cardiovascular complication risk in hypertensive patients.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Comprehensive Echocardiographic Assessment of Right Ventricle Function in a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension07:38

Comprehensive Echocardiographic Assessment of Right Ventricle Function in a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: January 20, 2023

Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...