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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

Arteries of the Upper Limbs

The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
Spinal Nerves: Plexus II01:21

Spinal Nerves: Plexus II

The plexuses of the lower body include the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal plexuses, which innervate the abdomen, pelvis, legs, and coccygeal region. These plexuses control the transmission of sensory information and coordinate motor functions of the lower body.
The Lumbar Plexus
The lumbar plexus is situated within the lumbar region of the back and is primarily formed by the first four lumbar spinal nerves (L1 to L4). This plexus extends its branches into several nerves, including the...
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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Development of a Neonatal Rat Model for Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
09:42

Development of a Neonatal Rat Model for Brachial Plexus Birth Injury

Published on: March 27, 2026

The prefixed and postfixed brachial plexus: a review with surgical implications.

Megan Pellerin1, Zachary Kimball, R Shane Tubbs

  • 1Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada, West Indies.

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
|January 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Anatomical variations in the brachial plexus (nerves of the arm) are common, not exceptions. Understanding these differences is crucial for accurate clinical evaluation and surgical procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Clinical Neuroscience
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • The definition and classification of prefixed and postfixed brachial plexus anatomy vary significantly in existing literature.
  • This inconsistency leads to conflicting conclusions across studies concerning brachial plexus variations.
  • Anatomical variations are critical for both clinical assessment and surgical interventions involving the brachial plexus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize the existing literature on brachial plexus anatomical variations.
  • To highlight the prevalence and implications of these variations.
  • To provide a clearer understanding of prefixed and postfixed brachial plexus contributions.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies defining and analyzing brachial plexus variations.
  • Analysis of anatomical contributions to the brachial plexus.
  • Synthesis of findings regarding clinical and surgical relevance.

Main Results:

  • Brachial plexus variations in contributions are more common than typical formations.
  • These anatomical differences can alter expected dermatome sensory distribution.
  • Variations impact the motor innervation patterns of upper limb muscles.

Conclusions:

  • Anatomical variation is the norm, not the exception, for the brachial plexus.
  • Recognizing these variations is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
  • Variations can predispose individuals to conditions like thoracic outlet syndrome and necessitate modified surgical approaches.