Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...
Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Aliasing01:18

Aliasing

Accurate signal sampling and reconstruction are crucial in various signal-processing applications. A time-domain signal's spectrum can be revealed using its Fourier transform. When this signal is sampled at a specific frequency, it results in multiple scaled replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain. The spacing of these replicas is determined by the sampling frequency.
If the sampling frequency is below the Nyquist rate, these replicas overlap, preventing the original signal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Temporal acceleration drives the probability cueing effect in visual search: Evidence for early attentional deployment (N1pc) at high-probability locations.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same author

Recruitment of a probability-based general population health panel for public health research in Germany: the panel 'Health in Germany'.

BMC medical research methodology·2025
Same author

Background and Methodology of the 2024 annual survey from the panel 'Health in Germany' by the Robert Koch Institute.

Journal of health monitoring·2025
Same author

Multiple mechanisms of response suppression to self-induced sensation during pursuit eye movements.

Royal Society open science·2025
Same author

A multilab investigation into the N2pc as an indicator of attentional selectivity: Direct replication of Eimer (1996).

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2025
Same author

Guidance of attention by irrelevant contents of working memory is transient.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Single-Channel and Non-Invasive Wearable Brain-Computer Interface for Industry and Healthcare
06:34

A Single-Channel and Non-Invasive Wearable Brain-Computer Interface for Industry and Healthcare

Published on: July 7, 2023

Visual flicker in the gamma-band range does not draw attention.

Rosanne M van Diepen1, Sabine Born, David Souto

  • 1Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université de Genève, 40 Boulevard du Pont d'Arve, CH-1205 Genève, Switzerland.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|January 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Attention can be captured by subliminal flicker, but this effect may be due to an illusory flash during stimulus transitions rather than true attention capture. This finding impacts understanding of visual attention and cueing effects.

More Related Videos

A Method for Investigating Change Blindness in Pigeons (Columba Livia)
06:14

A Method for Investigating Change Blindness in Pigeons (Columba Livia)

Published on: September 7, 2018

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Single-Channel and Non-Invasive Wearable Brain-Computer Interface for Industry and Healthcare
06:34

A Single-Channel and Non-Invasive Wearable Brain-Computer Interface for Industry and Healthcare

Published on: July 7, 2023

A Method for Investigating Change Blindness in Pigeons (Columba Livia)
06:14

A Method for Investigating Change Blindness in Pigeons (Columba Livia)

Published on: September 7, 2018

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

A Gaze-Contingent Display Framework for Perceptual Learning Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual perception

Background:

  • External stimuli like flashes and sounds are known to capture attention.
  • Previous research suggested subliminal flicker (50 Hz) could capture attention via neural entrainment.
  • A reaction time (RT) task was used to investigate spatial cueing effects of flicker.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism behind attention capture by subliminal flicker.
  • To determine if an illusory transition flash contributes to cueing effects.
  • To clarify the role of flicker frequency and target salience in attention capture.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed a reaction time task involving locating a subtle change in Gabor stimuli.
  • A 50-Hz flicker served as a spatial cue, transitioning to 100 Hz at target onset.
  • Control conditions included continuous flicker and salient target changes (polarity).

Main Results:

  • The 50-Hz to 100-Hz flicker transition created a localizable, illusory flash.
  • This illusory flash interfered with target localization, contributing to observed cueing effects.
  • Cueing effects diminished when flicker continued or targets were highly salient.

Conclusions:

  • The previously observed cueing effect from 50-Hz flicker may be an artifact of an illusory transition flash.
  • Observers may confuse the illusory flash with the target, leading to apparent attention capture.
  • Subtle cueing effects with truly subliminal flicker (70 Hz) might be unrelated to attention.