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Ganjam virus.

A B Sudeep1, R S Jadi, A C Mishra

  • 1Microbial Containment Complex, National Institute of Virology (ICMR), Pune, India. sudeepab@icmr.org.in

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|January 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ganjam virus (GANV), a tick-borne pathogen in India, infects sheep and humans. It is closely related to the Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV) and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV).

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Ganjam virus (GANV), a Nairovirus, is significant in Indian veterinary medicine.
  • GANV is primarily tick-borne but also found in mosquitoes, humans, and sheep.
  • Antibodies to GANV indicate widespread exposure in animals and humans across India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the veterinary importance and zoonotic potential of Ganjam virus (GANV) in India.
  • To highlight GANV's antigenic relationship with Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV) and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) viruses.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of 33 GANV strains, primarily from Haemaphysalis ticks in India.
  • Replication studies in vertebrate and mosquito cell lines.
  • Pathogenicity assessment in laboratory animals.
  • Serological detection of antibodies in animal and human sera.

Main Results:

  • GANV replicates in various cell lines and is pathogenic to laboratory animals.
  • Human infections (1 natural, 5 laboratory-acquired) have been reported.
  • GANV is antigenically related to the highly fatal Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV).
  • Molecular studies confirm GANV as an Asian variant of NSDV, related to CCHF viruses.

Conclusions:

  • Ganjam virus (GANV) poses a significant veterinary and zoonotic threat in India.
  • Its ability to infect diverse hosts, including sheep and humans, underscores its zoonotic importance.
  • GANV's relationship to NSDV and CCHF viruses warrants further investigation and surveillance.