Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level
Published on: January 19, 2024
Anaemia management in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease: flexibility of target to target stability?
Luca De Nicola1, Roberto Minutolo, Giuseppe Conte
1Nephrology Division, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. luca.denicola@unina2.it
International clinical practice guidelines have recently recognized for the first time the concrete difficulty of keeping chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients within the narrow haemoglobin (Hb) target recommended of 11-12 g/dl (110-120 g/l) because of the variability of individual patient Hb levels. This emerging clinical problem has been the topic of several editorials that, however, exclusively focused on haemodialysis patients. Recently, 3 retrospective studies have been published on Hb variability in non-dialysis CKD. The studies which overall included more than 6,000 patients showed that Hb variability in non-dialysis CKD is greatly prevalent and is associated with a worse cardiorenal outcome. This minireview summarizes the results and limits of these studies and discusses the potential implications for clinical practice.
International clinical practice guidelines have recently recognized for the first time the concrete difficulty of keeping chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients within the narrow haemoglobin (Hb) target recommended of 11-12 g/dl (110-120 g/l) because of the variability of individual patient Hb levels. This emerging clinical problem has been the topic of several editorials that, however, exclusively focused on haemodialysis patients. Recently, 3 retrospective studies have been published on Hb variability in non-dialysis CKD. The studies which overall included more than 6,000 patients showed that Hb variability in non-dialysis CKD is greatly prevalent and is associated with a worse cardiorenal outcome. This minireview summarizes the results and limits of these studies and discusses the potential implications for clinical practice.
Related Concept Videos
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management
Peritoneal Dialysis III: Nursing Management
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management