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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Psychophysiological Stress Assessment Using Biofeedback

Psychophysiological Stress Assessment Using Biofeedback

Published on: July 31, 2009

Biofeedback for hypertension: a systematic review.

Janette Greenhalgh¹, Rumona Dickson, Yenal Dundar

¹Liverpool Reviews and Implementation Group, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, UK. Janette.Greenhalgh@liverpool.ac.uk

Journal of Hypertension

|January 22, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Biofeedback shows no clear long-term benefits for essential hypertension management. Current evidence does not support its effectiveness compared to standard treatments or placebo.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Psychophysiological Stress Assessment Using Biofeedback

Psychophysiological Stress Assessment Using Biofeedback

Published on: July 31, 2009

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Medicine
Behavioral Medicine

Background:

Essential hypertension is a major global health concern.
Biofeedback is a behavioral technique used to influence physiological processes.
The long-term effectiveness of biofeedback for hypertension requires robust evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the evidence on the long-term effectiveness of biofeedback for treating essential hypertension in adults.

Main Methods:

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was performed.
Included trials compared biofeedback with medication, placebo, no intervention, or other behavioral therapies.
Blood pressure change was the primary outcome measure.

Main Results:

36 trials were included, with varying methodologies and quality.
Most trials were small and lacked long-term follow-up (>12 months).
Heterogeneity and conflicting results precluded meta-analysis; no clear benefits of biofeedback were demonstrated.

Conclusions:

No convincing evidence supports biofeedback's effectiveness for essential hypertension control.
Future research must adhere to quality standards.
Biofeedback may be considered as an adjunct to pharmacological treatment.