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Mapping speed for an array of corrugated horns.

Stephen Padin¹

¹California Institute of Technology MC367-17, Pasadena, California 91125, USA. spadin@caltech.edu

|January 22, 2010

Summary

The optimal horn diameter for millimeter-wave array receivers is 1.6-1.7Fλ, balancing mapping speed and receiver noise. Minor adjustments to horn diameter have minimal impact on performance, even with correlated noise sources.

Area of Science:

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Radio Astronomy
Instrumentation

Background:

Millimeter-wave array receivers are crucial for astronomical observations.
Corrugated horns are commonly used in these receivers for their wide bandwidth and low sidelobes.
Optimizing receiver design is essential for maximizing observational efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the optimum horn diameter for millimeter-wave array receivers with corrugated horns.
To analyze the impact of horn diameter on point-source mapping speed for both total power and polarization measurements.
To evaluate the influence of receiver noise and correlated noise sources on the optimal horn diameter and mapping speed.

Main Methods:

The study involves theoretical analysis and modeling of millimeter-wave array receivers.

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Calculations were performed to determine point-source mapping speed considering typical receiver noise.

The effect of horn diameter variations on mapping speed was simulated for a close-packed horn array.

Main Results:

The optimum horn diameter for maximum point-source mapping speed is found to be 1.6-1.7Fλ, where F is the focal ratio.
A variation of +/-25% in horn diameter results in less than 10% degradation in mapping speed.
Correlated noise from sources like the cold stop, atmosphere, and cosmic microwave background has a negligible effect on both mapping speed and the optimum horn diameter.

Conclusions:

The determined horn diameter provides optimal performance for millimeter-wave array receivers.
The receiver design is robust to moderate changes in horn diameter, offering practical flexibility.
Correlated noise sources do not significantly hinder the efficiency of these receivers, simplifying design considerations.