Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers01:12

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers

Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are a group of medications that can prolong action potentials in the heart. They achieve this by blocking potassium channels or enhancing inward currents from sodium channels. However, these drugs have a unique property of "reverse use-dependence," which is most pronounced at slower heart rates and can lead to torsades de pointes—a specific type of arrhythmia. However, it is essential to note that excessive QT interval prolongation—a measure of the heart's...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Editorial expressions of concern are infrequent even for researchers with multiple retracted publications - An observational study.

Accountability in research·2026
Same author

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of text message and financial incentives for weight management in men with obesity: The Game of Stones RCT.

Public health research (Southampton, England)·2026
Same author

BEhavioural Weight Management: COMponents of Effectiveness (BE:COME) Synopsis.

Health technology assessment (Winchester, England)·2026
Same author

Mapping components of behavioural weight management interventions using electronic survey and component selection by expert consensus: the BE:COME Study.

Health technology assessment (Winchester, England)·2026
Same author

What might a satisfactory response by journals and publishers to publication integrity concerns look like?

Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E·2026
Same author

Dismantling behavioural weight management interventions: component network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and real-world services.

Health technology assessment (Winchester, England)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach
07:45

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach

Published on: November 28, 2025

Antithyroid drug regimen for treating Graves' hyperthyroidism.

Prakash Abraham1, Alison Avenell, Susan C McGeoch

  • 1Endocrinology (Ward 28), Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, NHS Grampian, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK, AB25 2ZN.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|January 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimal antithyroid drug therapy for Graves' hyperthyroidism involves a 12-18 month titration regimen, which shows fewer adverse effects than block-replace therapy. Continued thyroxine treatment after initial therapy does not significantly reduce hyperthyroidism recurrence.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach
07:45

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach

Published on: November 28, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Antithyroid drugs are standard treatment for hyperthyroidism.
  • Significant variability exists in prescribed antithyroid drug doses, regimens, and treatment durations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of antithyroid drug dose, regimen, and duration on Graves' hyperthyroidism outcomes.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized and quasi-randomized trials.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of seven databases and reference lists.
  • Inclusion of randomized and quasi-randomized trials of antithyroid medications.
  • Independent data extraction and risk of bias assessment by two authors.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-six trials with 3388 participants were analyzed; overall trial quality was poor.
  • For the titration regimen, 12 months of therapy was superior to six months for relapse rates, with no additional benefit beyond 18 months.
  • The block-replace regimen showed higher rates of adverse effects (rashes, withdrawal) compared to the titration regimen, with similar relapse rates.

Conclusions:

  • The optimal duration for the titration regimen of antithyroid drugs is 12-18 months.
  • Titration (low-dose) regimens are associated with fewer adverse effects and comparable efficacy to block-replace (high-dose) regimens.
  • Adding thyroxine during or after antithyroid therapy did not significantly impact hyperthyroidism recurrence; immunosuppressive agents require further validation.