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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
Urinary Bladder01:23

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
Urethra01:16

Urethra

The urethra is a hollowed tubular organ through which urine is expelled from the body. This structure extends from the bladder to the external opening, allowing urine to be released.
The anatomy of the urethra differs between males and females. In females, the urethra is short, measuring about 3–4 cm in length, and opens anterior to the vaginal opening. In males, the urethra is longer and passes through the penis, serving dual purposes: expelling urine and ejaculating semen. The male urethra is...
Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract01:28

Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract

The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
05:25

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Sexual function in men born with classic bladder exstrophy: a norm related study.

Marco Castagnetti1, Antonella Tocco, Alfio Capizzi

  • 1Section of Paediatric Urology, Department of Oncological and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padua, Italy. marcocastagnetti@hotmail.com

The Journal of Urology
|January 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Men born with bladder exstrophy have higher rates of erectile dysfunction and lower orgasmic function compared to controls. However, sexual desire and overall satisfaction appear comparable, suggesting a satisfactory sexual life is achievable.

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Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
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Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

Published on: August 9, 2012

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
05:25

Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
10:19

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models

Published on: August 9, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Reproductive Health
  • Sexual Medicine

Background:

  • Classic bladder exstrophy is a congenital condition affecting urinary tract development.
  • Erectile function and sexual health in affected individuals require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate erectile function in men with classic bladder exstrophy.
  • To compare sexual function outcomes with age-matched healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the International Index of Erectile Function-15 (IIEF-15) questionnaire.
  • 28 men with bladder exstrophy and 38 controls completed the survey.
  • Erectile dysfunction defined as an IIEF-15 erectile function domain score ≤25.

Main Results:

  • 19 men (68%) with bladder exstrophy reported erectile dysfunction (58%) vs. 23% in controls (p=0.02).
  • Erectile dysfunction was more prevalent in those with multiple continence surgeries.
  • Orgasmic function was significantly lower in the bladder exstrophy group (p=0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Men with classic bladder exstrophy exhibit increased prevalence of erectile and orgasmic dysfunction.
  • Multiple continence surgeries correlate with higher rates of erectile dysfunction.
  • Sexual desire and overall satisfaction were comparable, indicating potential for satisfactory sexual lives.